Mountains in Nepal

Let Us Touch the Sky...

Nepal is the home of mountains. The awe-inspiring, majestic mountains of Nepal attract the tourists from far and wide. Mount Everest, the world's highest peak, juts out in north eastern region of the country, on the Sino-Nepalese border. It seems competing with other mighty mountains. Adventure activities like mountaineering, trekking and hiking can be enjoyed in this mountain range. Journey on these mountains transends one to an entirely different world. Mountain biking is also a popular game in this region.

Kanchenjunga Mountain:

 

Towering High

Mount Kanchenjunga, one of the world's most spectacular mountains, is renowned as the queen of mountains. Kangchenjunga, the third highest peak on the planet, can boast of varied ecological zones, from the subtropical land to glacial wilderness. Mighty Kangchenjunga glacier is the most famous attraction of Kanchenjunga. Great valleys, encircled by high peaks, are another feature of Kanchenjunga. Mt. Kanchenjunga is a massif with its highest peak reaching 8,586metres. It is encircled with dozens of peaks, each of them competing with their queen.

Fast Facts

Location	Far-east Nepal
Altitude	8,586 metres (28,169 feet)
Significance	3rd Highest Peak in the World
Season	September to December, early February to late June
Peaks	Kangchenjunga Main (8586 m/ 28,169 ft) Kangchenjunga West (Yalung Kang) (8505 m/27,904 ft) Kangchenjunga Central (Middle) (8482 m/ 27,828 ft) Kangchenjunga South (8494 m/ 27,867 ft) Kangbachen (7903 m/ 25,925 ft)

Trekking Route to Kanchenjunga
The long trekking trail to Kangchenjunga takes one through some of the country's most pristine forests. The region is an ideal place for the tourists who desire for some time in seclusion. The following is a possible day-to-day trek to Kanchenjunga.

Day 01: Fly from Kaathmandu to Birathagar/ drive to Basantpur (2200m)

Day 02: Trek to Chauki (2700m)

Day 03: Chauki / Gupha Pokhari (2930m)

Day 04: Gupha Pokhari/ Nisum (2000m)

Day 05: Nisum / Dovan (921m)

Day 06: Dovan / Chirwa (1270m)

Day 07: Chirwa / Sekhathum (1660m)

Day 08: Sekhathum / Amjilassa (2510m)

Day 09: Amjilassa / Kyapra (2730m)

Day 10: Kyapra / Ghunsa (3595m)

Day 11: Ghunsa rest

Day 12: Ghunsa / Khambachen (4040m)

Day 13: Khambachen / Lhonak (4785m)

Day 14: Day trip / Pangpema

Day 15: Pangpema / Khambachen

Day 16: Khambachen / Ghunsa

Day 17: Trek around Glacier (up to 5540m, if you want) / high camp

Day 18: High camp / Ramche

Day 19: Ramche / Tseram (3870m) back to Ramche

Day 20: Ramche / Amchekhola

Day 21: Amchekhola / Ponphe

Day 22: Ponphe / Kande Bhanjyang

Day 23: Kande Bhanjyang / Lal Kharka

Day 24: Lal Kharka / Taplejung

Day 25: Taplejung / fly Kathmandu /transfer hotel

Highlights
Although the whole trekking trail to Kanchenjanga is adventurous and brimming with thrill, there are certain spots which are unmissable. Few of them are cited below:

• Wonderful glaciers to trek like Yalung Glacier
• High challenging mountain passes
• Rhododendron forests
• Opportunity to meet native Nepali communities such as Sherpa, Limbu, Rai and Gurung

Tit Bits

• Kanchenjunga is less explored by foreign visitors and lies shrouded in mystery.
• Some features of the walk are pleasant villages in the high regions, glorious mountains and abundant wild life.
• The wildlife at Kanchenjunga includes musk deer, blue sheep and for the believer, the Yeti!
• Magnificent views of Mt. Everest, Makalu and Kanchanjunga massif make the trip memorable.
• Soaring peaks, the Yalung Glacier and a wide variety of natural vegetation and agriculture areas can be seen in this region.
• Kanchenjunga is located in the extreme northeast corner of Nepal bordering Sikkim (an Indian state) to the east and China to the North.

Snow Line
Snow line generally occurs between 5,000 and 5,500 meters. The region is characterised by cold climatic and rugged topographic conditions. Human habitation and economic activities are extremely limited.

Population
The region is sparsely populated, and whatever farming activity does exist is also confined to the low-lying valleys and the river basins. Upper Kali Gandaki Valley is an example of such valleys.

Mountaineering Regulations
According to the Nepal Mountaineering Association:-

• Any person or mountaineering team wanting to climb Nepal Mountains and Peaks must receive permission from Nepal Mountaineering Association.
• The team shall not indulge in activities that may be contrary to the customs and religious, political, social or cultural traditions of the locals.
• The team shall set up camps in its route to the base camp in such a way that they are acceptable to the local people or as prescribed by Government.
• The team shall not have any arms, ammunition and explosives etc. They are required to take government permission for the same.
• The team shall not get involved in any activity, which is or may be likely to affect negatively to the security and reputation of Nepal.

Lhotse Mountain:

 

Towering High

Mount Lhotse, with the altitude of 8,516m, lies south of Mount Everest. Lhotse which holds the tag of the fourth highest mountain in the world is linked to the highest peak by a vertical ridge called South Col, which always maintains itself on the upper side of 8000 meters. Mt. Lhotse was first ascended in 1956. Nepal is also known for its tremendous south face by Ernst Reiss and Fritz Luchsinger who were both part of a Swiss expedition.

Overview

Location	South to Everest
Altitude	8,516m
Importance	Fourth highest peak of the World
Best Trek Season	April To May & Late September To October
Region	Khumbu Himal
Mountain Range	Himalayas

The Trek
Lhoste is a frequently trekked mountain. Being far more easier to trek than Mount Everest, mountaineers climb Lhoste to get a close view of Everest. The following is a possible day-to-day trekking route to Lhotse:

Itinerary
Day 01: Arrive at Kathmandu airport

Day 02: Full day Sightseeing in Kathmandu

Day 03: Fly to Lukla and trek to Phakding

Day 04: Trek to Namche Bazaar

Day 05: Acclimatization at Namche Bazaar

Day 06: Trek to Tengboche

Day 07: Trek to Pheriche

Day 08: Trek to Lobuche

Day 09: Lobuche to Lhotse Base Camp

Day10: Base Camp Preparation

Day11-35: Climbing Period

Day 36: Cleaning up Base Camp

Day 37: Lhotse BC to Dingbuche

Day 38: Dingbuche to Namche Bazaar

Day 39: Namche Bazaar to Lukla

Day 40: Fly back to Kathmandu

History of Climbing
First serious attempt to reach Mount Lhotse summit was made in 1955 by a group led by Norman Dyhrenfurth. Some local sherpas and porters had accompanied the group. This expedition is also attributed with making the first map of the region. The mountain was finally climbed in 1956 by a Swiss group. As of date, more than 200 mountaineers have reached Lhotse summit. Many mountaineers have even died while trying to reach the summit of Lhotse.

Lhotse Tit-bits

• Lhotse means 'South Peak'. The name has been given by the Sherpas considering that the mountain lies south to the Everest.
• Lhotse is sometimes mistakenly identified as the south peak of the Everest massif.
• Lhotse was first climbed in 1956 by two Swiss, Fritz Luchsinger and Ernest Reiss.
• In addition to the main summit, there are two subsidiary peaks, Lhotse Shar, which is immediately east of the main summit, and Nuptse, a high peak on the mountain's west ridge.

Makalu Mountain:

The Perfect Pyramid

Mount Makalu, holding its place among mountains in world at fifth place, is located nearly 14 miles away from Mount Everest. Structure quite similar to a pyramid makes the mountain look unique. Nature has blessed the region with unbelievable diversity of beauty. Attractions like Great Himalayan peaks carpeted by snow, quaint villages, exotric villages and impressive riversided never cease to impress tourists who have come for trek.

Overview

Location	China-Nepal Border
Altitude	8,463 m (27,765 feet)
Importance	5th Highest Peak in the World
Best Trek Season	April to May & Late September to October
Region	Khumbu Himal
Mountain Range	Himalaya

Trekking Route
The Makalu Base camp trek is a true adventure with scenery so beautiful that it never tires you. This trek trail expedition takes you to Makalu Base Camp (5250 m), now designated as Makalu Barun National Park and Conservation Area.

Day 01: Arrive Kathmandu

Day 02: Sightseeing at the Kathmandu valley

Day 03: Flight: Kathmandu - Tumlingtar (860 m), Trek to Khadbari (1,040m) (4 hrs). Camp

Day 04: Trek Khadbari to Chichila (1,830 m) (5/6 hrs). Camp

Day 05: Trek Chichila to Num (1,490 m) (5 hrs). Camp

Day 06: Trek Num to Sedua (1,460 m) (5/6 hrs). Camp

Day 07: Trek Sedua to Tashi Gaon (2,070 m) (5 hrs). Camp

Day 08: Trek Tashi Gaon to Kauma (3,470 m) (6 hrs). Camp

Day 09: Rest / Exploration day at Kauma. Camp

Day 10: Trek Kauma to Mumbuk (3,570 m) (5 hrs). Camp

Day 11: Trek Mumbuk to Nhe Kharka (3,000 m) (6 hrs). Camp

Day 12: Trek Nhe Kharka to Sherson (4,615 m) (7 hrs). Camp

Day 13: Trek Sherson to Makalu Base Camp (5,000 m) (4/5 hrs). Camp

Day 14: Explore Makalu Base Camp

Day 15: Trek Makalu Base Camp to Nhe Kharka (3,000 m) (7 hrs). Camp

Day 16: Trek Nhe kharka to Mumbuk (3,570 m) (6 hrs). Camp

Day 17: Trek Mumbuk to Kauma (3,470m) (5 hrs). Camp

Day 18: Trek Kauma to Tashi Gaon (2,070 m) (5 hrs). Camp

Day 19: Trek Tashi Gaun to Pukuwa (1,520 m) (6 hrs). Camp

Day 20: Trek Pukuwa to Bumling (1,160 m) (5 hrs). Camp

Day 21: Trek Bumling to Tumlingtar (860 m) (4 hrs). Camp

Day 22: Flight: Tumlingtar - Kathmandu

Day 23: Explore and enjoy Kathmandu

Highlights

• Mt. Makalu trek visits one of the most remote and unfrequented areas of Nepal i.e. the Barun valley.
• The Makalu-Barun area contains some of the richest and most diverse pockets of plants and animals in Nepal.
• Chomo Lonzo (25,650 ft.) is a subsidiary peak of Makalu, rising just north of the higher summit, separated by a narrow saddle.
• Covering 2330 sq km, Makalu-Barun is a vital component of the greater Mount Everest ecosystem.
• More than 3000 species of flowering plants constitute the fauna of Makalu trek.
• The Makalu forests shelter abundant wildlife, including the endangered red panda and musk deer, Himalayan thar and leopard. Ornithologists have identified 400 bird species, at least 16 of which are extremely rare.

Cho Oyu Mountain:

he Turquoise Goddess

Cho Oyu is the sixth highest mountain in the world, located a short distance to the west from Everest (the highest) and Lhotse (the fourth highest) in the Khumbu region of Eastern Nepal along the Tibetan border. Its towering peak stands with Everest well above the surrounding mountains. It became a familiar landmark to climbers ascending Everest's north face. Just west of Cho Oyu is the Nangpa La, a 19,000-foot glacier pass, the main trade route between the Khumbu Sherpas and Tibet.

Overview

Location	Eastern Nepal, Nepal - Tibet Border
Elevation	26,906 feet (8201 m)
Region	Khumbu Himal
Range	Himalayas
Nearest Access	Namache Bazar
Nearest Airport	Kathmandu
Significance	Sixth highest mountain in the world
Best Season to Visit	April To May & Late September To October

Striking Features

• The view from the summit plateau is breathtaking. One can witness the entire panorama of Everest, Lhotse, Nuptse, Chamlang, Ama Dablam and other peaks of the Khumbu.
• This Cho Oyu massif is arguably the most technically straightforward, accessible and safe to climb.
• It is a natural and adventurous exploration zone.

Mountaineering Attemps & Expeditions
» First climbing expedition of Cho Oyu's Northwest face by Edmund Hillary and party.
» A small Austrian expedition, under the leadership of Herbert Tichy, make a spectacular first ascent without oxygen on the Northwest face. This new style of climbing big mountains with alpine techniques rewrote mountaineering history.
» Second ascent by an Indian expedition. Sherpa Pasang Dawa Lama, who was part of the first ascent, reached the peak for the second time. First death on Cho Oyu.
» Four members of an expedition are killed in an avalanche during a failed international women's expedition.
» Controversial third ascent by a German expedition. No proof of reaching the summit. Two mountaineers die in Camp 4 of exhaustion at 7600 m (25,000 foot) height.
» The Austrian alpinists, Koblmuller and Furtner, succeeds in a spectacular ascent of the extremely difficult and dangerous southeast face.
» Reinhold Messner succeeds on his fourth attempt.
» First winter ascent of the South buttress by a Polish expedition. The South Buttress is the most difficult route on Cho Oyu to be completed successfully.

Dhaulagiri Mountain:

The White Mountain

Dhaulagiri, which can be literally tranlated as White Mountain, holds the status of the seventh highest mountain in the world. A giant Himalayan massif, Dhaulagiri lies in north central Nepal and is the highest mountain located entirely within Nepal. Dhaulagiri region has four pyramid-like peaks, in addition to the main summit, and all of them rise more than 25,000 feet altitude. High passes and sweeping snow-clad vistas seem to challenge the trekkers who would love to go on a off-beat trek. Trek in Dhaulapur region is replete with peace, and on the other hand, excitement and adventure.


Overview

Location	North Central Nepal
Altitude	8,167 m
Importance	7th Highest Mountain In The World.
Other name	Dhawalgiri
Mountain Range	Himalayas
Region	Dhaulagiri Himal
Best Trek Season	April To May & Late September To October

Striking Features

• Refreshing walks through terraced fields of millet and rhododendron forests, past Buddhist chortens and colorful villages
• The exotic Mayangdhi river gorge which leads into the legendary Hidden Valley, one of Nepal's wildest and most remote regions
• Several awe-inspiring glaciers like the Chhonbarden Glacier
• Adventurous passes like the French Pass and Dampus Pass
• An unforgettable climb to the Thapa Peak (19, 720 ft.) leading to the deepest gorge in the world - the Kali Gandaki.
• An opportunity to see small villages, visit ancient temples, learn about the mountain Sherpa culture, and enjoy the support of a wonderful group of warm and friendly local porters and fine mountain cooks

The Dhaulagiri Trek
The trek trail is an extreme trip that rings the awesome Dhaulagiri, an imposing peak west of the Annapurna massif. This trek familiarises the trekkers to astounding varieties of Nepal's natural beauty and cultural diversity. This is an ideal trip for those with mountaineering aspirations.

Day 01: Trek departure to Beni-900m (approx. 9 hr drive from Kathmandu) and overnight camp

Day 02: Trek to Babiyochaur-1000m (5-6 hr)

Day 03: Trek to Dharapani-1500m (6-7 hr)

Day 04: Trek to Muri-1800m (5-6 hr)

Day 05: Bagar-1900m (6-7 hr)

Day 06: Trek to Dovan-2550m (7-8 hr)

Day 07: Trek to Italy Base Camp-3500m (7-8 hr)

Day 08: Rest at Italy Base Camp for acclimatization

Day 09: Trek to Dhaulagiri base camp-4650m (6-7 hr)

Day 10: Rest at Dhaulagiri base camp for acclimatization

Day 11: Trek to Dhampus Pass-5250m crossing over French Pass-5360 (7-8 hr) via hidden valley

Day 12: Trek to Yak Kharka-2591m (6-7 hr)

Day 13: Trek to Marpha-2665m (3 hr)

Day 14: Trek to Jomsom

Day 15: Fly from Jomsom - Pokhara - Kathmandu, trip ends...

Outlook
Mount Dhaulagiri (8167m) was first climbed by the Swiss in 1960. Its name is derived from the Sanskrit word 'Dhavala' which means 'White' and 'Giri' i.e. 'Mountain'. The mountain was discovered by British surveyors in India in the early 1800s and was mapped by one of the secret Indian surveyors in 1873. The region remained largely unknown until a Swiss aerial survey in 1949. After its discovery in 1808 by the western world, Dhaulagiri was thought to be the highest mountain in the world. This lasted for 30 years before Dhaulagiri's place was taken by Kanchenjunga, and then Mountain Everest.

Tit-Bits

• In 1960, the Swiss/Austrian expedition who first reached the Dhaulagiri summit did so despite their airplane having crashed during the approach.
• Dhaulagiri rises 7000m over the Kali Gandaki gorge to the southeast in about 30km of horizontal distance.
• The South and West faces of Dhaulagiri both feature massive drops; each rises over 4000 meters from its base, and each has been the site of epic climbs
• Across the deep gorge of the Kali Gandaki to the east lies the Annapurna Himal, home to Annapurna I, one of the other Eight-thousanders.

Manaslu Mountain:

Mountain of the Spirit

Manaslu, the eighth tallest mountain on the planet, presents one of the most challenging treks in Nepal. Manaslu mountain stands in the vicinity of Annapurna. Thanks to its peculiar appearance, Manaslu mountain peak can be noticed from afar for it juts out steeply above its neighboring landscape. Elongated ridges and valley glaciers provide comparatively easy approach to the mountaineers.

Overview

Location	West Central Nepal
Altitude	8,156m (26758 ft)
Importance	8th Highest Mountain in the World
Mountain Range	Himalaya
Region	Manaslu Himal
Convenient Center	Pokhara
Nearest major Airport	Kathmandu
Best Trek Season	April To May & Late September To October

Route Map
Manslu treks offer a chance to experience the untouched region of Nepal. Number of tourists coming in area have been restricted to preserve the freshness of the area. The government wants to save the region from undue commercialisation. Thanks to this approach, the travellers get the opportunity to enjoy refreshing atmosphere of the trekking circuit. Here is possible itinerary of Manaslu trek.

Day 1: Arrive Kathmandu

Day 2: Sightseeing in Kathmandu

Day 3: Drive to Arughat

Day 4: Trek to Soti Khola (730m)

Day 5: Trek to Labishe (880m)

Day 6: Trek to Dobhan (1,070m)

Day 7: Trek to Jagat (1,370m)

Day 8: Trek to Serson (1,750m)

Day 9: Trek to Deng (1,860m)

Day 10: Trek to Ghap (2,380m)

Day 11: Trek to Namrung (2,540m)

Day 12: Trek to Shyala (3,330m)

Day 13: Trek to Samagaon (3,3,90m)

Day 14: Rest and acclimatisation day

Day 15: Trek to Manaslu base camp (4,300m)

Day 16: Trek to Samdo (3,690m)

Day 17: Rest and acclimatisation day

Day 18: Trek to Larkya la Rest House (4,460m)

Day 19: Trek over Larkya la pass (5,213m) to Bimtang (3,590m)

Day 20: Trek to Dharapani (1,860m)

Day 21: Trek to Syange

Day 22: Finish trekking at Besi Sahar, drive to Pokhara

Day 23: Drive to Kathmandu

Day 24: At lesiure in Kathmandu

Day 25: Fly back home

Major Attractions of the Trek
The trek is approximate 200km long circular pathway surrounding several mountain ranges connecting number of hamlets. The trek follows a clear glacial stream known as Buri Gandaki. The trek trail appeals to the tourists' primitive, persona. Striking features of the trek are the following:

• The beautiful backdrop of Ganesh Himal mountain range
• Exciting bamboo bridge to cross
• The trek familirizes to the multi-ethnic villagers of the region including Nalma, Sho and others
• Adorned stupas and "mani" stone walls of Nupri region
• An exciting climb to Shyala for a panaromic view of Himalchuli
• Trekking in ankle-deep snow
• Wonderful passes lkie the Larkhya Pass

Trek Highlights
» Scenic views of Tibet and an insight into Tibetan way of living through various monasteries and Tibetan settlements.
» Uninterrupted mountain views, lakes and waterfalls encircled by alpine and tropical forests.
» Comparatively easy trekking

Permits
The Mansalu mountain is a controlled trekking route which demands special permits to organise trekking groups to venture round its spectacular circuit. 

 ....

                           Cities of Nepal

Spiritual, divine, adventurous and entertaining... the cities of Nepal are a unique blend of tradition and novelty. Then be it the clinging bells of temples at Bhaktpur, the beautiful lakes of Pokhara or the casinos at Kathmandu... a tour to the cities of Nepal introduces you every facet of life. Pack your bags and get ready to for the journey of lifetime. Come lets discover the diversity of Nepal cities...

Major Cities of Nepal:

Bhaktapur

                                                The City of Devotees
Bhaktapur is in many ways the most medieval of the three major cities in the Kathmandu valley. Much of its glorious architecture dates from the end of the 17th century. The city is famous for its pagoda-style architecture. Tourists are more often attracted to the Hindu temples, pottery crafts, colourful markets and lively people of Bhaktapur.  

Kathmandu city: 

                            the capital city of penal

Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, is the largest city in the country. Nepal capital city is in shape of Khukuri knife and its glorious history dates back to two thousand years. Located in the bowl shaped Kathmandu Valley, the city is the cultural hub of the country and probably the most sought after tourist destination. The home town of Newaras is the meeting point of various ethnic groups.

Kathmandu city is the conjecture to the major routes within and outside the country. Most of the trekking expeditions and tours start from Kathmandu. The city itself is home to the historical monuments, cultural groups, architectural wonders and exotic tourist destinations. The famous durbar squares of Kathmandu are world famous and the Kathmandu valley is a Cultural World Heritage site listed by UNESCO in 1979.

Fast Facts:

Official Name	Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KM C)
Location	Central Nepal
Importance	Capital City of Nepal
Altitude	1,336 m
Area	16,241/km²
Population	25.3 million
Native Language	Nepalese, Newari
Tourism Language	English
Temperature	Max: 44°C & Min: 7°C
Nearby Cities	Pokhara, Lalitpur (Patan), Nagarkot, Bhaktpur, Chitwan, Dhulikhel

Entertainment - Kathmandu Casinos
The casinos of Kathmandu are famous worldwide. These action-packed, lively casinos of Kathmandu make the night life rocking. These casinos run 24X7 and offer ultimate fun games and entertainment. There are four licensed casinos in Kathmandu, all located in the premises of the city's top hotels, which offer your favorite games: poker, baccarat, roulette, pontoon, blackjack, as well as other card games and slot machines.

Tourist Attractions
Hanuman Dhoka (Durbar Square)
The square is the complex of palaces, courtyards and temples that are built between the 12th and the 18th centuries by the ancient Malla Kings of Nepal. It is the social, religious and urban focal point of the city. Taleju Temple, Kal Bhairab (God of Destruction), Nautalle Durbar, Coronation Nasal Chowk, the Gaddi Baithak, the statue of King Pratap Malla, the Big Bell, Big Drum and the Jagnnath Temple are some of the interesting things to see in this Square.

Swayambhunath Stupa
Also known as the monkey temple, the Buddhist temple of Swayambhunath is situated on the top of a hill, west to Kathmandu. The temple is considered to be one of the most popular, holiest and instantly recognizable symbols of Nepal. Large tribes of monkeys can be seen inside and around the temple. The golden spire of Swayambhunath stupa crowns a wooded hillock and offers a commanding view of Kathmandu city. This is one of the world's most glorious Buddhist Chaityas.

Boudhanath Stupa
The biggest stupa in Nepal is situated 7 km east to Kathmandu. Boudhanath Stupa looms 36 meters high and presents one of the most fascinating specimens of stupa design. There are more than 45 Buddhist monasteries in the area. The Bouddhanath stupa is also known as Khasti Chitya and is considered as one of the oldest stupas in the country.

Balaju Water Garden:
The beautiful Balaju Water Garden is a famous tourist destination. It is situated below the Nagarjun Hill, about 5 km narthwest of akthmandu. The garden has an exotic bank with 22 stone waterspouts, carved in the shape of sea-dragons. The water garden also consists of religious shrines, fishponds and a replica of the statue of Budhanilkantha. The swimming pool inside the park attract a lot of tourists.

Budhanilkantha:
This is one of the masterpieces of stone sculptures of Lichchhavi period. This 5th century statue is in the middle of a small pond and seems to float in water. The Budhanilkantha temple consists of a pond in which lies a great stone figure of the Hindu god Vishnu reclining on the coils of a cosmic serpent. The huge statue of sleeping Vishnu is believed to be carved from the single block of black stone of a type not found in the valley. It is believed that ages before the two hardworking farmers (husband and wife) discovered the statue when they were ploughing their field.

Pashupatinath Temple:
Pashupatinath Temple, with its astonishing architectural beauty, stands as a symbol of faith, religion, culture and tradition. Regarded as the most sacred temple of Hindu Lord Shiva in the world, Pashupatinath temple's existence dates back to 400 A.D. The richly-ornamented pagoda houses the sacred linga or phallic symbol of Lord Shiva. Thousands of pilgrims from all over the world come to pay homage to this temple, that is also known as the temple of living beings. The Pashupatinath Temple is the pride of Kathmandu.

Changu Narayan Temple:
The oldest temple in Kathmandu valley, Changu Narayan was built in 4th century. The temple is decorated by some of the best samples of stone, wood, and metal craft in the valley. The temple possess a Vishnu image with ten heads and ten arms that is a fine example of stone carving from the 5th century. The temple stands as a representative of culture, religion, history and faith.

Kumari Ghar (Temple of Kumari):
The temple or the residence of Living Goddess, Kumari, is situated in the vicinity of Hanuman Dhoka Palace. The building has beautifully carved wooden balconies and window screens. The Kumari- the living Goddess acknowledges the greetings from her balcony window.

Narayanhity Durbar:
It was the Royal Palace of the Late King, His Majesty King Birendra Bir Bikram Shahdev of Nepal. The Shah kings moved to this palace from their old palace in the late 18th century. The new edifice was inaugurated in 1970 on the occasion of the wedding of His Majesty king Birendra Bir Bikram Shahdev. The palace takes its name from the Narayanhiti, a famous historic waterspout situated at the southern corner of the Palace. The Palace compound is immense, surrounded by high walls and guarded by soldiers.

Singha Durbar:
A grand imposing palace built on the neo-classical style. It was the private residence of Rana Prime Minister. Now it's the Secretariat of His Majesty's Government of Nepal.

Machchhendrananth Temple:
The temple of Sweta Machchhendra Bahal between Indra Chowk and Asan. It is a Pagoda of considerable artistic beauty is also called as "Janmadyo" or "Machchhendra" deity.

Dakshinkali:
The temple of Dakshinkali is situated about two kilometers south of Shekha Narayan. Dakshinkali is regarded as one of the most important Hindu Goddesses. Pilgrims visit this temple to offer their prayer and animal sacrifices to the goddess. Besides, this place has been developed as a popular picnic spot

Art and Culture :
Kathmandu is the cultural focal point of Nepal. Being the meeting point of major ethic groups and foreign nationalities, the city has a diverse and rich culture. The unique intermingling of traditional ethnic groups is a characteristic feature of Kathmandu. The popular art museums in Kathmandu are:

National Museum :
Two and half kilometers west of Kathmandu, the National Museum has splendid collection of weapons, artifacts from ancient, medieval and modern Nepal. Its archaeological, historical and other heritage displays are worth seeing.

Natural History Museum :
Situated 3-kms west of Kathmandu City behind the famous Swayambhunath hillock, this museum has a unique collection of butterflies, fish, reptiles, birds, mammals, plants and a variety of fossils collected from within the country.

Festivals in Kathmandu:
Although each day at Kathmandu Nepal is festive, joyous and ecstatic, there are certain days that are celebrated in high spirits throughout the capital. One doesn't have to be religious to enjoy these festivals as the people of Nepal, particularly Kathmandu are tolerant and open to other religions and stream of faith.

Kathmandu's cycle of festivals is rooted in history, mythology and religion. Most festivals honor and propitiate the Valley's multitude of gods, control malicious spirits and celebrate mythological victories over evil. Some mark seasonal changes, celebrating the coming rains or the completed harvest. Others honor kinship ties. Many are socially approved opportunities to "let off steam" and have fun. Above all, a festival is a social occasion, and an affirmation of the Valley's ancient and strong bonds of religion and culture.

Winter Group	Monsoon Group
Maghe Shankranti	Ghantakarna
Basant Panchami	Naag Panchami (Serpent Festival)
Vimsen Jatra	Janai Purne
Thousand Lights Ceremony	Gai Jatra (Cow Festival)
Shiva Ratri	Mata-Yaa
Lhosar (Tibetan New Year)	Krishna Jayanti
Holi (Color Festival)	Teej Batra
Vimsen's Penis Puja	Indra Jatra & Kumari Jatra
Ghoda Jatra
Spring Group	Harvest Group
Ram Nawami	Bada Dashain
Chaitra Dashain	Pachali Bhairav Yatra
Mother's Day	Tihar
Voto Jatra	Bala Charuadashi
Buddha Jayanti	Yomarhi Punhi

Shopping in Kathmandu
Kathmandu is the best place to shop in Nepal. be it contemporary handicrafts, fashion clothing, great books, music or traditional souvenirs and curios. Lets have a look at some of the best buys of Kathmandu:

Traditional Souvenirs and Curios
Household brassware like khukuri knife; musical instruments like flutes; Tibetan-style curios; gem jewellery, glass beads, embroidered and kashmiri handicrafts like silk carpets are found in bulk at the small vendors and street make-shift shops of Kathmandu.

Contemporary Crafts
The Nepali artisans are famous for their unusual range of contemporary crafts like dhaka, beautiful greeting cards of handmade paper, Maithili-style paintings and toys, dolls in ethnic dress, ready-made clothes, woollens, leather goods, batiks, scented candles, and ingenious articles out of bamboo and pine needles.

Fashion Clothing
Thamel and Freak Street in Kathmandu have a lot of shops selling wool sweaters, jackets, embroidered clothings; scarfs and shawls made of pashmina and the famous characteristic topis caps of Nepal.

Apart from this, Thangka art work, music alums and books of Nepal also attract a lot of foreign tourists.

How to Reach
By Air
There are regular flights all major airports across the world to Tribhuwan International Airport, 5 km east of the center of Kathmandu. From the airport, taxis, cabs and buses are available to reach guest houses and hotels within the city.

By Road
Kathmandu has a good road network. There are several land routes that you may take from India to reach Kathmandu. From Kolkata you may travel to Raxaul and via Virganj reach Kathmandu. From Gorakhpur, there are several modes of land transport that take you across to Nepal and Kathmandu in turn.

Lumbini city

              Birth place of lord Gautama Buddha

Lumbini, birthplace of Lord Buddha, is the centre of holy faith for the millions of Buddhists all over the world. Located in south-western Nepal, Lumbini holds several reminders of Lord Buddha. One of the most important historical sites in Nepal is endowed by nature with rich natural beauty.

Fast facts

Location	South-western Nepal
Importance	One of the most important historical sites in the country, UNESCO world heritage site
Known For	Religious historical sites
Nearby Attraction	Kapilvastu

Tourist Attractions
Lumbini Garden
The garden is foremost attraction in Lumbini tourism. The fact that Lord Buddha had taken birth in Lumbini Garden makes it a plce of reverence. Number of stupas, monasteries and temples surround the garden.

Some of these are ancient while are some were erected by medieval states. A collosal stone pillar built by the great Indian emperor Ashoka is also here. Account of the birth of Buddha is inscribed on it.

Mayadevi Temple
Devoted to Maya Devi, the mother of Lord Buddha, the temple attracts praise for its architectural beauty. Credit of discovering the temple, in 1895, goes to a German archaeologist. The temple is remarkable in the way Maya Devi is shown giving birth to Lord Buddha.

Pushkarni Pool
Queen Mayadevi took a dip in the pond before giving birth of prince Siddhartha. The prince also had his purification bath in the pond. Brick steps of the pond lead to the emerald-green water.

Kushinagar
Lumbini travel guide also takes you to Kushinagar where Lord Buddha attained nirvana. One can see number of stupas, viharas and chaityas which remind us of the mahaparinirvana.

Bodhgaya
The place of Mahaparinirvana, it was at Bodhgaya that Gautama Buddha attained unsurpassed, supreme Enlightenment. The legand narrates that Siddartha Gautama reached the village of senai and sat on a kusa grass mat under a pipal tree. Here he resolved not to rise again untill enlightenment was attianed. Thereafter the place became a pilgrimage site.

Maha Bodhi Temple
The temple is known for its 1700 years old idol. The idol sits facing the place where Lord Buddha achieved enlightenment.

Bodhi Tree
Near Maha Bodhi Temple is the Bodhi tree, an ancient peepal tree. Gautam Buddha attained enlightenment under this tree.

Kapilvastu Excursion
Kapilvastu, birthplace of Gautam Buddha, is a famous historic town which is always brimming with charm. Lord Buddha was born here in the sixth century. Kapilvastu attracts Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world. Kapilvastu is 27km from Lumbini.

How to Reach
By Air : One can reach flight from Kathmandu Airport for Bhairahwa Airport which is the nearest air port for Lumbini. Sacred Garden is 15 minutes drive away.

By Rail : Nearest railway station is at Gorakhpur in India. It is 122 km from Lumbini.

By Road : Good roads link Bhairahwa to Lumbini, and also other important Nepal cities.

Local Transport
Buses, taxis and rickshaws are the means of local transport in Nepal.

Patan city:

                                                            The City of Fine Art

ancient city of Patan is known as the city of fine arts. The city is full of Hindu temples and Buddhist monuments.The diversity of the medieval culture that allowed both Hinduism and Buddhism to flourish has left a rich legacy of impressive sightseeing in this city for today's visitors.
Fast facts:

Location	South to the Bagmati River in Kathmandu Valley
Official Name	Lalitpur
Significance	Rich Cultural Heritage
Area	16 Km2
Latitude	27°40'22.91" N
Longitude	85°25'40.28"E
Tourism Language	English
Nearby Cities	Kathmandu and Bhaktpur

Striking Features
» The water conduits, stone spouts, Jaladroni (water tanks), artistic gateways, Hindu temples and Buddhist Vih » There are a lot of temples and vihars in the city.
» Most of the Nepalese art of any form is devoted to Gods.

Places to Visit:

Patan Durbar Square
Situated in the heart of the city, it constitutes the focus of visitors' attraction. The Square is full of ancient palaces, temples and shrines, noted for their exquisite carvings. The Patan Durbar square consists of three main chowks or court- yards, the Central Mul Cowk, Sundaru Chowk and Keshav Narayan Chowk. The Sundari Chowk holds in its centre a masterpiece of stone architecture, the Royal bath called Tushahity.

Iba Bahi
Iba Bahi is situated about a two-minute walk south of Durbar Square. It is one of the oldest Buddhist monasteries in the Kathmandu Valley and reflects the sophisticated architecture of the Malla period. A two-step platform leads to the courtyard with a hall called Dalan. There is a shrine dedicated to Shakyamuni right across the entrance.

Kwa Bahal
Kwa Bahal, also known as the Golden Temple, is a Buddhist monastery courtyard dating to the 12th century. It is a five-minute walk west and north from the northern end of Durbar Square. The monastery building is embellished with exceptionally fine wood-carvings and repousse work. Artistic images are scattered around the courtyard, and devotees can be seen offering worship at the many shrines here. Entrance fee Rs. 25.

Mahabouddha
Mahabouddha can be reached by walking east from the southern end of Durbar Square and then turning right at the sunken water taps. This Buddhist monument is an excellent example of terra cotta art form which points to the skill of Patan's ancient craftsmen with a variety of building styles. The 14th-century monument's design is also unusual in a city of pagoda roofs.

Oku Bahal
Oku Bahal is situated a few steps past Mahabouddha and is one of the best known Buddhist places of worship in Patan. The stone-paved courtyard is enclosed by a two-story building with gilded roofs. The wood-carvings on the roof struts are especially attractive. The place is peppered with sacred images and other small shrines.

The Central Zoo
The Central Zoo in Jawalakhel is a pleasant diversion after a tour of the cultural sights. It contains about 106 species of birds and over 665 different animals. There is also a pond where you can go boating. Open daily except Mondays from 10 am to 5 pm. Entrance for foreign visitors costs Rs. 60 (Rs. 25 for children under 10). Elephant ride costs Rs. 100 (Tel: 528324).

Tibetan Refugee Camp
Tibetan Refugee Camp was set up in 1960 under the initiative of the International Red Cross and the Swiss Development Corporation (SDC), then known as Swiss Association for Technical Assistance (SATA), in cooperation with His Majesty's Government of Nepal. Its main objective is to help the Tibetan refugees to do something productive and support themselves.

Patan Museum
The Patan Museum displays the traditional sacred art of Nepal in an illustrious architectural setting. Its home is an old residential court of Patan Darbar, one of the royal palaces of the former Malla kings of the Kathmandu Valley. Its gilded door and window face one of the most beautiful squares in the world.

Nice to Know
There are many legends after the name Lalitpur. The most popular one is the legend of the God Rato Machhindranath, who was brought to the valley from Kamaru Kamachhya, located in Assam, India, by a group of three people representing three kingdoms of the Kathmandu Valley. One of them was called Lalit, a farmer who carried God Rato Machhindranath to the valley all the way from Assam, India. The purpose of bringing the God Rato Machhindranath to the valley was to overcome the worst drought in the valley. There was a strong belief that the God Rato Machhindranath will make rain in the valley. It was due to Lalit's effort that the God Rato Machhindranath was settled in Lalitpur. Many believe that the name of the town is kept after his name Lalit and pur meaning township.

Pokhara city:

                                                The City of lakes

Pokhara, the city of lakes, is blessed with extreme natural beauty. It is located at an altitude of 827m, 200 km west to Kathmandu valley. The city is famous for the adventure opportunities it offers that include sightseeing, white water rafting, kayaking and mountaineering.


Fast Facts:

Location	West to Kathmandu Valley
Importance	The Third largest city in Nepal
Famous For	Lakes
Temperature	Max- 35°C Min- 15°C
Nearby Cities	Kathmandu, Bhaktapur

 

Places to Visit
The Fewa (or Phewa) Lake
Phewa Lake, majestic in stretch and beauty, is the second largest lake of Nepal. Foremost attraction in the lake is the pagoda style temple which holds the shrine of Barahi or Water Goddess. Another attraction is the amazing image of Mt. Machhapuchhre and Annapurna in the clear water of the lake. One is advised to view the south-eastern side of Phewa lake for it has the best views. Tourists can also indulge in activities like fishing and canoeing. Several varities of fish can be found in the lake. Nearby forest is the residence of numerous animals and birds.

Begnas Lake
Begnas Lake, the second largest lake of Pokhara Valley, is 13 km away from Pokhara. The lake is a nice destination for the tourists who want to pass some time in seclusion. They can indulge in activities like boating and fishing.Nearby jungle is the residence of more than 150 dpecies of birds. Water fowls can be observed from the northern part of the lake.

Gupteshwar Cave
Gupteshwar Cave or Gupreswar Gupha, considered sacrosanct by the locals, is 2 km from Pokhara airport. The 3km long cave has some large hall-like rooms and some passages where one is forced to crawl. A Shivalinga, phallic symbol if Hindu Lord Shiva, is preserved in the cave.

Davis Fall
One of the most famous tourist attractions in Pokhara is Davis Falls. Source of water in Davis Fall or Patale Chango (in Nepali) is Phewa Lake. The Fall looks very impressive specially during the rainy season. There is also a cave near the falls.

Mahendra Cave
A popular Pokhara tourist destination, Mahendra Cave has been named after the late King Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev. The cave has been fitted with lighting system for convenience of the tourists. Mahendra Cave is known for its rock types and stones that glitter when a beam of light hits them.

Around Pokhara
Many popular trekking routes in the region start and end in Pokhara. Longer treks, which stretch for one to three week, like Annapurna Circuit, Annapurna Sanctuary and Jomsom Trek commence in Pokhara.

Nepalgunj city:

                                          The Industrial and Transport Hub
the Western border town of Nepal, Nepalgunj is famous for the exciting treks to the Dopolo plateau and Jumla region. Known as the industrial and transport hub of the country, Nepalgunj has various attractions: Gharbaritole, Ganeshpur and Sadar Line to name a few. The border crossing, 6 km south of Nepalganj, is one of a limited number of places where non-Indian foreigners are allowed to cross the border with India.
Fast Facts:

Location	Far West Nepal, Banke region of Terai
Population	60,000 people
Native Language	Awadhi, Nepali And Tharu
Tourism Language	English
Temperature	Max: 36°C & Min: 6°C
Nearby Cities	Kathmandu (531 kms)

Major Tourist Attractions
The multi lingual and multi ethnic city of Nepalgunj welcomes visitors to explore the other side of this industrial city. Nepalgunj offers a relaxing atmosphere to the tourists heading toward other destinations in Nepal. The following the main attractions of Nepalgunj.

» Gharbaritole
» Ganeshpur
» Sadar Line
» Koreanpur
» Belaspur
» B.P. Chowk
» Mini Zoo
» Muslim Bazar
» Indian Border Crossing
» Rapti River

Things To Do In Nepalgunj
Visit Grasscutters' Lane
Want to get the real flavour of country life in Nepal. Head toward grasscutters' lane in Nepalgunj. This old section of Nepalgunj is indeed a special place. The grasscutters will make you familiar to the traditions and life of the rural Nepal. The grasscutting platform, is therefore, a place not to be missed.

Bite Into The Street Food
Head towards the Surkhet road to savor the mouth watering Sekuwa. Sekuwa is simply grilled meats, mostly chicken, with a bit of condiments and a lot of spices. You can't resist the temptation of asking for more.

Adventure Royal Bardia National Park
Footloose yourself and get ready to meet deers, boars, wild elephants, crocodiles, dolphins and blue bulls at the Royal Bardia National Park. With more than 350 species of birds, Bardia is truly a bird-watchers' paradise. The elephant safaris at the park will transcend you to a different world.

Explore The Unexplored
Get to know the social conditions of the Terai by visiting Kamiyas. An off-beaten tourist place, the village will take close to nature and to be peace with yourself. To see the Kamaiya camps, the nearest are up the Surkhet road to Kohalpur and then west on the Mahendra Highway.

Shop At Nepalgunj
Karnali Hotel close to Nepalgunj airport is the holding place for a modest export of beans from Humla. Very colorful and tasty... the beans are Neplalunj's speciality. Though expensive than the regular brown beans, the Humla beans are worth shelling out those extra bucks from your pocket...

Trekking Expeditions From Nepalgunj
One the most famous trekking expedition of Nepal starts from Nepalgunj. You can head towards trekking in Dolpo and Jumla region from Nepalgunj.The open wild landscape, and Shey Phoksumdo lake that changes its color with the change of weather are the main attractions of this trek. While the sun disappears lake becomes dark blue/ the turquoise color.

Upper Dolpo & Shey Gompa Trek
Upper Dolpo region is situated in the northwestern Nepal, a few kms away from Nepalgunj. It is the upper area of the Tarap Khola and Shey Phokundo lake. The route passes through dry land of the valley ,snow-capped peaks and the desolate plateau.

Trekking into the Jumla region is one of the most astonishing and charming treks. Attraction sof this region are the landscapes, flowers, Rara lake, flora and fauna, Jumli culture and villages. Rara lake is surrounded by the forest of Oak, Juniper, blue pine, spruce and cypress. The route passes through villages, several rivers, forest of fir, walnut, birch, juniper and pine. Rara, the largest Lake in Nepal, is in the high elevation towards the north west of Nepal with its unique culture, dramatic landscape and some historically important places are on the way.

Art & Culture
Ethnicity
Nepalgunj is a multi-ethnic city with people of various communities living together happily.

Culture
Nepalgunj has a very diverse culture. Hill-nepalis, Indians, Muslims, Hhindus and Buddhists cultural groups can be found here.

How To Reach
By Air
» Regular flights are available to Kathmandu and remote hilly towns in Karnali zone which are considered paradise for trekkers because of the scenic beauty, the gateway to Mansarovar in China and Rara lake.
» Nepalgunj Airport lies 6 km north of town easily approachable by shared tempo, rickshaw or vehicles provided by travel agencies. All the airlines, operating STOL aircraft, helicopter and bigger jet aircrafts, have offices around Birendra square or B. P. square and airport area. Also you can have your hotel make the booking or go to any travel agency. A number of travel agencies can be found from V.P.Square to Virendra square to Dhamboji to Pushpalal square and also few on New road.

By Road
» Bus services out of Nepalganj are centered near and from bus-stand in Dhamboji. Regular day and night buses head towards Kathmandu, Pokhara, Thakurdwara (Bardia Wildlife Reserve park), Mahendra Nagar, Dhangadi, Karnali, Butwal, Biratnagar etc.
» Vehicles like car, cab, taxi and auto rickshaw are easily available and can be arranged through any of the hotels or the main road southwest of B. P. square or from airport.

Local Transport
» Getting around Nepalganj during daylight hours is very easy and reasonable by rickshaws. The airport can also be reached by rickshaw, and if you have time taking a rickshaw from the airport back into town will be a good way of arrive in town. You can also get to the Indian border by rickshaw.
» Taxis, though costlier than rickshaws are comfortable for those carrying luggage. They also serve as faster means of transportation.
Rickshaws, taxis and buses run all over within the city.

Nice to Know
According to a legend, Phoksumdo Lake near Nepalgunj was formed by a spiteful female demon. The demon was fleeing from the Saint Padmasambhava village and gave the villagers a turquoise after they promised not to tell that she had passed by. Padmasambhava turned the turquoise into a lump of dung, which upset folks and they revealed the demon's whereabouts. She, in retaliation, caused a flood that sweeped off the whole village.

Outlook
Nepalganj is a town in Nepal, located in the Banke district of the Bheri region (Terai), near Nepal's southern border with India. Known as the transport hub for western Nepal, the town is the starting point of the most adventurous treks to Dopla and Jumla regions. The major places in Nepalgunj are Gharbaritole, Ganeshpur, Sadar Line, Koreanpur, Belaspur, B.P. Chowk. The border crossing, 6 km south of Nepalganj, is one of a limited number of places where non-Indian foreigners are allowed to cross the border with India.

Tourist attraction of nepal.........

Nepal full introduction

Nepal Tourist Attractions

                                                 Let the Thrill Begin...
Nepal is a land of assortment. Variance lies everywhere. You will have adventure, religion, architecture and heritage on the same platter. Come let us visit some of the major tourist destinations of Nepal.

Adventure sites	Annapurna Sanctuary, Mount Everest trekking route and Royal Chitwan National Park
World Heritage sites	Bhaktapur Durbar square, Kathmandu Durbar Square, Changunarayan temple, Royal Chitwan National Park and Pashupatinath Temple
Holy/Architectural sites	Bodhnath Stupa, Hanuman Dhoka, Syambunath

Adventurous Sites/ Hiking Treks:

Mount Everest:

                                          Where Sky Meets the Earth...
Want to experience the intense pleasure of being alive, aware and adventurous...set yourself to a trekking and mountaineering expedition to the world's mightiest peak Mt. Everest. Set against the brilliant blue sky, the view of Mount Everest's radiant snow peaks is jaw dropping. And how it feels like being so close to the sky is a thrill beyond imagination.
Fast Facts:

Age of Everest	60 million years
Elevation	8,848 meters (29,028 feet)
Range	Khumbal Himal
Easiest Route	South Col (Nepal)
Nearest Access	Kathmandu
Normal Weather Conditions	5°C to 20°C
Medical / Emergency Facilities	Small Health Care Facilities available in most of the trail
Rescue Operations	Helicopter Flights from Kathmandu (Normally within 50 Minutes)
Communication Facilities	Telephones available at Ghandrung till Chhomrong
Season(s)	Spring: March - June Autumn: September - November
Guidebook(s)	Trekking in Nepal Himalaya - Lonely Planet

The Route
Mount Everest, or the 'Mother of the Universe' (called by the Nepalese) is known as Sagarmatha in Nepal. Towering egoistically heavenwards, it is 8850 meters above the sea level. The route can be sensational only if you ward off all your fears and get ready to see the deepest ditches and touch the highest peaks. So come, let's feel the energy of the mountains and experience how it looks when the sky meets the earth.

Arrive in Kathmandu
The trip begins in the ancient and colourful city of Kathmandu. During day time, we can explore the 17th century splendours of the Monkey Temple, the Durbar Square and the old Kings' Palaces, as well as the ancient city of Patan.

Fly to Lukla
Early next morning we fly to Lukla at 2860 metres, where we meet the yak drivers, and porters. We can trek to Monjo (2652m) and spend the night there.

Explore Sherpa Villages
We will continue our trek up to Namche Bazaar (3446m), the capital of the Sherpa Kingdom. Here we rest for a day to acclimate and enjoy the hospitality of the fascinating people, then proceed up to Deboche (3757m) for a night, and finally to Lobuche (4930m), where we have another acclimatization day.

Reach the Base Camp
Finally, we make the last trek to basecamp at 5300 metres. After resting, organizing, and training in the basecamp for a day, we will begin our climb.

Hiking at the Khumbu Icefall
We start with a day hike through the awe inspiring Khumbu Icefall, followed by a trip to the plateau of the Western Cwm, for our first glimpse of Camp I, at 5800 metres.

Reach Western Cwm
From Camp I at 6000 metres, the route traverses the flattish bottom of the Western Cwm, to 6200 metres where Camp II is located. Camp III is on the head wall of the Lhotse face at about 7200 metres. Known as the 'Valley of Silence', the Western Cwm is a relatively flat gently rising valley, marked by huge lateral crevasses in the centre.

Ascend Lhotse Face
From Camp II, we will ascend the Lhotse face on fixed ropes up to a small edge 7,470 m (24,500 feet). Then we will climb another 500 meters to Camp III on the South Col at 7,920 m(26,000 feet). From camp III to Camp IV we will have to face two altitudinal challenges: the Geneva Spur and the Yellow Band.

The Geneva Spur is an anvil shaped, snow covered rib of a black rock named by a Swiss in 1952 Swiss expedition. The Yellow band is a section of sedimentary sandstone which requires 100 meters of rope for traversing it.

Reach the Death Zone
On South Col, we enter the death zone, where we will spend maximum 2 or 3 days before beginning our summit push. Within 10 to 12 hours, we'll reach 'The Balcony' at 8,400 m (927,700 feet). The Balcony provides spectacular views to the radiant peaks.

Follow Cornice Tracerse
At 8,750 m (28,700 feet), a small table-sized dome of is snow marks the South Summit. From South summit, we will follow the knife-edge southeast ridge along the 'Cornice Traverse' where snow clings to intermittent rock. This is the most exposed section of the climb as a misstep to the left would send one 2,400 m (8,000 ft) down the southwest face while to the immediate right is the 3,050 m (10,000 ft) Kangshung face. At the end of this traverse is an imposing 12 m (40 ft) rock wall called the 'Hillary Step' at 8,760 m (28,750 ft).
We have finally completed our trek to Mount Everest. Now it's time to descend.

We have finally completed our trek to Mount Everest. Now it's time to descend.

Route Map
Day 1: Arrive Kathmandu (1,300 meters)

Day 2: Fly to Lukla (2860m). Walk to Phakding (2652m)

Day 3: In Kathmandu, visit temples, tour the city, shop

Day 4: Walk to Namche Bazaar (3446m)

Day 5: Rest and acclimatization in Namche

Day 6: Walk to Pangboche (3757m)

Day 7: Walk to Pheriche (4250m). Visit the Himalayan Rescue Association health clinic.

Day 8: Walk to Lobuche (4930m)

Day 9: Rest in Lobuche

Day 10: Walk to basecamp (5300m)

Day 11: Rest and training day in basecamp

Day 12: Climb partway to camp 1 at 5800 metres. Return to basecamp

Day 13: Climb to camp 1 at 5800 metres. Return to basecamp.

Day 14: Walk to camp 2 at 6200 metres, return to camp 1, sleep there

Day 15: Rest in camp 2

Day 16: Explore route to Camp 3 (7300m), return to camp 2

Day 17: Return to basecamp

Day 18: Explore route to camp 4 at 8000 metres, return to camp 2.

Day 19: Attempt summit. Return to camp 4.

Day 20: Return to camp 2 and then to the Base Camp

Day 21, 22: Attempt summit.

Day 23: Return to camp 2 and then to the Base Camp.

Day 24: Trek down to Pheriche. Camp.

Day 25: Trek down to Pangboche. Teahouse or camping.

Day 26: Trek to Namche, Teahouse or camping.

Day 27: Trek to Lukla. Teahouse or camping.

Day 28: Flight to Kathmandu. Hotel.

Day 29: Fly Home. Thanks for joining our mounatineering expedition!

Facts

• Radhanath Sikdar, an Indian mathematician and surveyor from Bengal, was the first to identify Everest as the world's highest peak in 1852, using trigonometric calculations based on measurements of "Peak XV".
• Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa from Britain were the first to climb Mount Everest successfully in 1953.
• In Nepal, the mountain is called Sagarmatha meaning 'Goddess of the Sky'. This name was invented in the early 1960s by Baburam Acharya when the Nepalese government realized that Mount Everest had no Nepalese name.
• Everest has been named after Sir George Everest in 1865, the British surveyor-general of India. The mountain was once known as Peak 15

Tips

• Get your oxygen masks and protective clothes before starting.
• Get your medical check up done in advance.
• While trekking be with the group and do not go off the track.
• Do not experiment with the route.
• Get the prerequisite permission from the Nepal Mountaineering Association

Annapurna Range:

Annapurna, a collosal masiff is placed as the tenth tallest mountain in the world. Kali Gandaki river segregates Annarpurna mountain range from the great gorge that slices through the Himalayas. Range of Mount Annapurna holds huge glaciers on its slopes.
Fast Facts
Highlights
The trek to Annapurna mountain takes the tourists very very close to nature. The trek is a marvellous combination of being spiritually soothing and highly adventurous. The following places are the trek's highlights.
 

• Pewa Lake Pokhara
• Gurung Villages, Langdrung and Gandrung
• Hinko Cave
• Bamboo Forests
• Machapuchare Base Camp
• Annapurna Base Camp 

Route Map
Annapurna, one of Nepal's renowned mountain ranges, comprises an array of peaks, all of astounding heights. Of these, Annapurna I and Annapurna II are the highest at almost 8000 meters, offering beautiful impressive view for anyone trekking through the Himalayas.

Day 01: Arrive Kathmandu and enjoy sightseeeing

Day 02: Fly to Pokhara. Drive to Proceed to Nayapul (1 hr). Trek to Syaulibazar (4 hrs). Camp.

Day 03: Trek Syaulibazar to Ghandrung. (4 hrs). Camp.

Day 04: Trek Ghandrung to Tadapani (5 hrs). Camp.

Day 05: Rest Day at Chhomrong. Camp.

Day 06: Trek Chhomrong to Bamboo (4 hrs). Camp.

Day 07: Trek Bamboo to Himalayan Hotel (4 hrs). Camp.

Day 8: Trek to Machhapuchre Base Camp (3,700m) (4 hrs). Camp

Day 9: Trek to Annapurna Base Camp (4,130m) (2 hrs). Camp.

Day 10: Trek back to Himalayan Hotel (5 hrs). Camp.

Day 11: Trek Himalayan Hotel to Chhomrong (6-7 hrs). Camp.

Day 12: Trek Chhomrong to Ghandrung (5 hrs). Camp.

Day 13: Trek Ghandrung to Tolka (4 hrs). Camp.

Day 14: Trek Tolka to Dhampus (5 hrs). Camp.

Day 15: Trek Dhampus to Nayapul (3 hrs). Drive to Pokhara. Free to explore. Hotel.

Day 16: Flight: Pokhara - Kathmandu. Hotel Overnight.

Day 17: Free day to explore, and enjoy Kathmandu. Hotel Overnight.

Day 18: Final Departure.
Major Treks
Annapurna Village Trek
Annapurna village trek presents the best of trekking. The trek is along the Mt. Annapurna Foothills to the view point on Poon Hill. Trekking routes snake through the impressive mountain scenery and charming villages, home of the Gurungs, dense rhododendron forests brimming with birds and deep sub-tropical valleys. All these are set below the Annapurnas with the majestic peak of Machapuchare (Fish Tail Peak) ruling the skyline.

Royal Trek
The trek has been christened the "Royal Trek" as Britain's Prince Charles walked it in the 1980s. The trek route slowly climbs up through the ethnic villages and jungles of Magnolia and Rhododendron.

This trek offers panoramic views of Pokhara Valley and the beautiful Mt Fishtail (Machhapuchre) as well as Annapurna range to the north and magnificent lakes surrounded by mountains in the south, Lamjung Himal, Manaslu and Himchuli in the east.

Annapurna Circuit Trek
Annarpuna Circuit trek routes through variety of landscapes and vegetationm from the tropical landmass to the Tibetan Plateau. The beautiful views of Annapurna and Dhaulagiri can also be enjoyed. Thorong-La Pass (5416m) is the highest spot. This trek also provides the tourists opportunity to see different Central Nepalese ethnic groups.

Gokyo Lakes & Everest
The 360° panorama from Gokyo Ri is considered by many to be the best in the world. Everest, Lhotse, Makalu and Cho Oyu have sheer vertical faces, sculpted pinnacles above the crystalline lakes.

Tit-Bits

• In 1950, it became the first 8,000 meter mountain to be successfully climbed.
• 'Annapurna' is a Sanskrit name that can be translated as 'Goddess of the Harvests' or more simply 'The Provider'.

Fast Facts

Location	Central Nepal Himalayas
Altitude	8,091m
Importance	10th Highest Mountain In The World
Best Time To Visit	April To October

Major Peaks of The Annapurna Range

Annapurna I	26,545 ft.	8,091 m.
Annapurna II	26,040 ft.	7,937 m.
Annapurna III	24,786 ft.	7,555 m.
Annapurna IV	24,688 ft.	7,525 m.
Gangapurna	24,457 ft.	7,455 m.
Annapurna South	23,684 ft.	7,219 m.

UNESCO World Heritage Sites:

Pashupatinath Temple:

The Holiest Hindu Temple

Pashupatinath Temple, with its astonishing architectural beauty, stands as a symbol of faith, religion, culture and tradition. Regarded as the most sacred temple of Hindu Lord Shiva in the world, Pashupatinath Temple's existence dates back to 400 A.D. The richly-ornamented pagoda houses the sacred linga or phallic symbol of Lord Shiva. Thousands of pilgrims from all over the world come to pay homage to this temple, that is also known as 'The Temple of Living Beings'.

Fast Facts

Location	5 km north-east of Kathmandu
Category	UNESCO listed World Cultural Heritage Site
Era	Prior to 400 A.D
Unique Features	» Only four priests, appointed by the King, can touch the idol of Lord Shiva. » The priests are always from south India. » It is believed that this tradition have been started by Sage Shankaracharaya in 6th century.

What to See
» Gold-painted images of guardian deities
» Chaturmukha (four-faced statue)
» Chadeshvar, an inscribed Licchavi linga from the 7th century
» Brahma Temple
» Dharmashila, a stone where sacred oaths are taken
» Arya Ghat
» Gauri Ghat (holy bath)
» Pandra Shivalaya (15 shrines)
» Gorakhnath and Vishwarup Temples
» Guhyeshwari (Guhjeshwari) Temple
» Kirateshwar Mahadeva Mandir and Surya Ghat

Architecture
» The two level roofs of the temple are embellished with gold and the four main doors are adorned with silver.
» The temple is famous for its awe-inspiring and astounding pagoda architecture.
» The western door has a statue of a large Bull, Nandi, is ornamented in gold. This black stone idol, about 6 ft in height and circumference, adds to the beauty and charisma of the temple.
» The present architectural nature of Pashupatinath temple came into existence as a result of renovation by Queen Gangadevi during the reign of Shivasimha Malla (1578-1620 AD).

Legends
There are many legends describing as to how the temple of Lord Pashupatinath came to existence here. Some of them are narrated below:-

The Cow Legend
Legend says that Lord Shiva once took the form of an antelope and sported unkown in the forest on Bagmati river's east bank. The gods later caught up with him, and grabbing him by the horn, forced him to resume his divine form. The broken horn was worshipped as a linga but overtime it was buried and lost. Centuries later an astonished herdsmen found one of his cows showering the earth with milk. Digging deep at the site, he discovered the divine linga of Pashupatinath.

The Linchchhavi Legend
According to Gopalraj Vamsavali, the oldest ever chronicle in Nepal, this temple was built by Supus Padeva, a Linchchhavi King, who according to the stone inscription erected by Jayadeva 11 in the courtyard of Pashupatinath in 753 AD, happened to be the ruler 39 generations before Manadeva (464-505 AD).

The Devalaya Legend
Another chronicle states that Pashupatinath Temple was in the form of Linga shaped Devalaya before Supus Padeva constructed a five storey temple of Pashupatinath in this place. As the time passed, the need for reparing and renovating this temple arose. It is learnt that this temple was reconsturcted by a mediaeval King named Shivadeva (1099-1126 AD). It was renovated by Ananta Malla adding a roof to it.

Festivals
» Pashupati area is regarded as one of the most important places of pilgrimages for the followers of Hinduism. Thousands of devotees from within and outside the country come to pay homage to Pashupatinath every day. And on special occasions like Ekadasi, Sankranti, Mahashivratri, Teej Akshaya, Rakshabandhan, Grahana (eclipse), Poornima (Full moon day) the whole atmosphere turns festive and mirthful as people congregate here in a far greater number.
» During the Shivaratri (also spelled Shivratri) festival Pashupatinath temple is lit with ghee lamps throughout the night and the temple remains open all night. Thousands of devotees take ritual baths in the Bagmati river on the day of the festival and observe a fast for the whole day. Hundreds of sadhus (sages) from different parts of Nepal and India come here on the occasion of Maha Shivaratri.

Auspicious Days to Visit
In August, during the Teej festival, thousands of women visit the temple to bathe in the holy waters of the Bagmati River. Because this ritual is meant to bring a long and happy marriage, many women dress in red saris, which are traditionally worn for wedding ceremonies. Full moon and New moon days are also considered auspicious to visit the temple.

Good to know
According to a legend recorded in local texts, especially the Nepalamahatmya and the Himavatkhanda, the Hindu Lord Shiva once fled from the other gods in Varanasi to Mrigasthali, the forest on the opposite bank of the Bagmati River from the temple. There, in the form of a gazelle, he slept with his consort Parvati. When the gods discovered him there and tried to bring him back to Varanasi, he leapt across the river to the opposite bank, where one of his horns broke into four pieces. After this, Shiva became manifest as Pashupati (Lord of Animals) in a four-face (chaturmukha) linga.

How to Reach
» There are regular bus services from Kathmandu (from Ratna Park or City Bus Station) to Patan,. It takes approximately 45 minutes to reach Goshala, the stop for Pashupatinath.
» Battery-operated Safaa tempos depart from near the Ratna Park office in Kathmandu and drops the pilgrims at Ring Road, west of Pashupatinath.

Royal Chitwan National Park

Wild roars of tigers.  chirping of jungle birds, soothing breeze and the splashing ripples of the river Rapti... a visit to the Royal Chitwan National Park may sound dream-like but reality speaks for itself. Visit Chitwan if you believe the above statement and all the more if you doubt it.

Fast Facts

Location	120 km South West Of Kathmandu, Nepal
Area Coverage	932 sq km
Wildlife Attractions	One-Horned Rhino, Royal Bengal Tiger
Temperature	Max- 34°C & Min- 1°C
Best Time to Visit	From October to February
Nearest Access	Bharatpur

Striking Features

• There are more than 43 species of mammals, over 450 species of birds, and more than 45 species of amphibians and reptiles in the park.
• One of the most important sub-tropical parks in Indian sub-continent.
• More than 43 mammal species, 450 bird species, and more than 45 species of amphibians and reptiles.
• Known for diversity of eco-systems. Within the park are Churia hills, ox-bow lakes, and the flood plains of Rapti, Reu and Narayani rivers.

Fauna and Flora
Mammals
There are more than 50 species of mammals in the park. The park is famous for conservation of the endangered one-horned rhinoceros, tiger, gharial, gaur, wild elephant, four horned antelope, striped hyena, pangolin, Gangetic dolphin, monitor lizard, and python. Some other animals found in the park are sambar, chital (deer), hog deer, barking deer, sloth deer, common leopard, ratel, palm civet, wild dog, langur and rhesus monkeys.

Amphibians
More than 45 species of amphibians and reptiles live in the park, more famous of which are the marsh crocodile, cobra, green pit viper and various species of frogs and tortoises.

Birds
There are more than species of birds in the park. Counted among the endangered birds are the Bengal florican, giant hornbill, lesser florican, black stork and white stork. Few common birds are peafowl, red jungle fowl, and different species of egrets, herons, kingfishers, flycatchers and woodpeckers. The best time for watching birds is in March and December.

Flora
One fifth of the park is comprises the floodplain of the Narayani, Rapti and the Reu Rivers. It is covered by dense Elephant grass interspersed with forests of silk cotton (Kapok), Acacia and Sisam trees.

Adventure Activities
Watching the wonders of Nature
Watching unique birds and animals from atop an elephant can be quite exciting. Here is a list of activities that can make your trip to the Royal Chitwan National Park more memorable.

Canoeing
Canoeing on Chitwan rivers is an excellent way of seeing waterfalls. The park's dolphins and crocodiles, however, are seldom seen. The high temperatures experienced in the park make bathing in the river an attractive pastime. Water-holes are also lure for a swim. Watching the elephants showering is very interesting.

Elephant Tracking
Elephant rides is a major Chitwan attractions. Wild boar, red deer and other creatures of the jungle can be seen, in the morning and evening especially, from from atop the tall pachyderms. One more advantage is that rhinos can be approached without danger. Apart from the animals, luxuriant vegetation and jungle chorus - different sounds in different parts of the day - make the ride a memorable experience.

Jeep Safari
Jungle safaris make it possible to explore the length and breadth of the National Park.

White- Water Rafting
White-water rafting expedition and jungle safari together represent the ultimate adventure. The river trip itself takes two to three days, commencing at or upstream of Mugling and ending in Narayanghat.

Animal Watching from Hides
Apart from safaris on foot and elephant back, hides offer animal watchers another way of getting what they want. Called machans in local language, these wooden towers are usually erected in clearings crossed by game paths. Best time to watch red deer and rhinos is early morning and evening.

Travel Tips

• Try to be well informed about the routes of the park
• Consult the doctor before you leave for the trip
• Do not disturb the animals and birds in the park
• Remain in a group
• Try to take a guide along with you while exploring the park

What To Bring With You

• Binoculars
• Sun Hat and Sun Cream
• Swim Wear
• Light Clothes; Color should blend with natural surroundings
• Light sweater or jacket for mornings and evenings during the winter season (Dec to Feb)
• Shoes for easy movement
• Flashlight
• Swiss knife

How To Reach Royal Chitwan National Park
By Road
Move on the Kathmandu-Narayanghat Highway. Then drive on the Pokhara - Narayanghat Highway which takes you to the park.

By Raft
You can raft down the Trisuli River (from Kathmandu) or Seti River (from Pokhara) ro reach the park.

By Air
Regular charter flights are available from Kathmandu, Pokhara, Biratnagar (Koshi Tappu), Bhairawa (Lumbini), Nepalgunj (Bardia).

Changu Narayan Temple:

he Essence of Kathmandu Valley

Changu Narayan Temple, the oldest temple in Kathmandu valley came in existence in 4th century. The temple is adorned by some of the best specimen of stone, wood, and metal craft in the valley. The temple stands as the epitome of culture, religion, history and faith of the Kathmandu valley.

Fast Facts

Location	22 km from Kathmandu
Importance	Oldest temple in Kathmandu valley
Built in	4th century A.D.
Devoted to	Hindu Lord Shiva
Major Attraction	Vishnu image with ten heads and ten arms

Historical Importance

• It is the oldest temple in Kathmandu valley.
• A Vishnu idol with ten heads and ten arms is a fine example of stone carving from the 5th century.
• The temple is of great importance due to its idols and shrines having rich architectural beauty.

Places to be Seen

• Garuda Narayana Temple
• Shrine of King Bhupalendra Malla and his mother
• Krishna Shrine
• Nateshvara Shrine
• Sculpture of Sri Mahadev
• Sculpture of Garuda
• Shrine of Somalingeshvara
• Sculptures: Vishnu, Durga Avalokitesvara and Garuda Ganesh
• Ganesh Shrine
• Bhagvati Temple
• Vishnu Vikranta
• Vishnu Vishvarupa
• Lakshmi Temple Shiva Temple
• Stone Column

Legendary places in the temple
Garuda Idol
Inside the Changunarayan temple is a esteemed figure of Garuda. The statue is offered sweets by the devotees every year on Nag Panchami. This is done in remembrance of the epic struggle with the great snake Taksaka. The drops of moisture, believed to be effective against diseases such as leprosy and ulcers, are collected by the priests.

King Bhupendra Malla Statues
Statues of King Bhupalendra Malla of Kathmandu and his mother can also be seen in a shrine. Bloody fighting characterised their politics during the 17th century but both were generous when it came to revering the gods.

Vishnu Sculpture
To the north of the temple is a sculpture of Lord Vishnu seated on Garuda (Garudasana Vishnu). This image appears on the Nepalese 10 rupee note. Vishnu sculpture dates back to 9th century.

Important Vishnu Sculptures
Vishwaroop
Vishwaroop sculpture, dating back to 8th century A.D., presents Lord Vishnu in his universal form.

Vishnu Vikrant
The stone idol, harking back to the 8th century A.D, is of the most powerful form of Lord Vishnu. It is related to the Hindu legend of Vaman, an incarnation of Vishnu, who measured space with feet.

Vishnu Riding Garuda
This figure of Vishnu mounting Garuda, the mythical bird, dates back to the 10th century A.D.

Narsimhha Vishnu
This form of Lord Vishnu, the Narsimha, is in half human and half lion form.

How to Reach
Take a taxi from Bhaktpaur to reach Changu Narayan temple. The driv would be of approximately 30 minutes.

Kathmandu Durbar Square:

A Cluster of Temples and Palaces

Listed as one of the eight Cultural World Heritage site by UNESCO, Kathmandu Durbar Square is a cluster of ancient temples, palaces, courtyards and streets that date back to the 12th and 18th centuries. The square is known to be the social, religious and urban focal point of the Capital City.

The Palace Complex was the royal Nepalese residence until the 19th century and is the site of important ceremonies, such as the coronation of the Nepalese monarch. The palace is decorated with elaborately-carved wooden windows and panels an. It houses the King Tribhuwan Memorial Museum and the Mahendra Museum.

Fast Facts

Location	Kathmandu
Significance	UNESCO World Heritage Site
UNESCO Category	Cultural
Built In	16th and 17th centuries
Major Attractions	Taleju Temple and Hanuman Dhoka

Major Attractions
Taleju Temple
The temple is a famous Hindu and Jain religious site. The three-tiered temple is the first to be erected with more than two roofs and raised on a tall stepped platform. It is said that the mandir was built in the shape of a yantra on the advice of the Taleju Goddess herself and that she appeared to the King at the dedication ceremony disguised as a bee.

Mahendreshvara Temple
The simple yet beautiful temple was built by King Mahendra Malla and is dedicated to the Hindu Lord Shiva in the form of Pashupati. The temple was destroyed in a 1934 earthquake and rebuilt thereafter. The temple is a memorial to its founder.

Jagannath Temple
The Jagannath Temple is recognized as the finest of the group near Hanuman Dhoka. Exquisite wood-carvings embellish the doors, windows and roof struts, depicting a panoply of gods from the Hindu pantheon. Originally dedicated to Vishnu the shrine was later re-dedicated to Jagannath.

Dequtale Temple
The temple was built by Shivasimha Malla honoring the Mallas' family deity, Degutale. It resembles Taleju's shrine but with a tower-like base in place of the stepped platform. The worship of Degutale has its origins in a nature cult, the images being pieces of rock which the Newaris set up and worshipped.

Hanuman Dhoka
Palace facade turns at right angles between the Degutale Temple and the Taleju Mandir. This way is created Hanuman Dhoka (Hanuman is a monkey god). Hanuman idol placed in the dhoka has been anointed with mustard oil and vermilion through the centuries.

Nasal Chowk
Nasal Chowk takes its name from the little statue of the dancing Krishna in the shrine on the east side of the court. In Malla times the podium in the center of the court was used for dancing displays. The Shah kings chose to be crowned in Nasal Chowk, a tradition which continues today.

Mul Chowk
As the occasional abode of the goddess Taleju, the court is barred to visitors, though it is often possible to peep in through the gate and have a look at the exquisite beauty of the palace. The Chowk is opened to Hindus once a year when, on the ninth day of the Dasain Festival, hundreds of buffaloes and goats are sacrificed to the goddess.

Bhandarkal
Bhandarkal is a botanical garden created by King Pratap Mall in the mid 17th century. With its diverse flora, Bhandarkal is a treat for nature lovers and ecologists. The garden has been named after a seven-storied palace that possesses a statue of the Sleeping Vishnu, Jalashayana Narayan.

Vilar Temple
Between the Lalitpur and Basantpur Towers can be seen the magnificently carved façade of the three-storied Vilas Mandir, of a richness truly befitting a Temple of Luxury.

Trailokya Mohan Narayan Temple
The three storied temple has the figure of Garuda placed in its front and incarnations of Lord Vishnu within the temple. It was built by Prithvi Bendra Malla in 1680.

Shiva Temple
The Shiva Temple in Darbar Square is a replica of the Jaisi Deval and was built by Riddhi Lakshmi in 1690.

Shiv Parvati Temple
The long low building on the northern side of Durbar Square contains the beautiful shrines of Shiva and Parvati. This somewhat unusual building is believed to date from the time of Bahadur Shah. It is probably a reconstruction, the stepped platform on which it stands being considerably older than the temple itself.

Manju Deval
Dedicated to Shiva the large three-storied Manju Deval on its unusually high stepped base seems to dominate Durbar Square. It was built in 1692 by the mother of Bhupatindra Malla of Bhaktapur. Inside the temple there is a Shiva lingam. The small shikhara (temple tower in the North Indian style) at the foot of the steps honors Kam Dev, Shiva's shakti.

Kumari Bahal
The house of the Living Goddess, the Kumari Bahal looks like the monastery that was constructed in 1757 by Jaya Prakash Malla. Inside it lives the young girl who is selected to be the town's living goddess, until she reaches her first puberty and reverts to being a normal mortal.

Kasthamandapa
Kasthamandap or house of wood is the building which gave Kathmandu its name. Legend narrates that the whole building is constructed from a Single Sal tree. At first it was a community hall where local people gathered for important ceremonies but later it was converted to a Temple of Gorakhnath. The image of Gorakhnath glitters at the center of the building.

Ashok Binayak Shrine
The Ashok Binayak Shrine is the principle shrine of Lord Ganesha in the Kathmandu Valley. The stone image of Lord Ganesha stands beneath a golden replica of the Ashok tree which once shaded the shrine and eventually gave it its name.

Simha Sattal
Simla Sattal is located at the southern end of the Kathmandu Durbar Square. The residential style temple contains the Garuda Narayan figure, strange looking effigies and a little shrine of Harikrishna.

Golden Gate:

Bhaktapur's Pride

Golden Gate is considered to be the most beautiful and rich specimen of its kind not only in Nepal but the entire world. Door of the great monument is bedecked with mysterious monsters and other mythical creatures. The door is of immense archaeological, historical and religious importance, and the architecture is indeed of great value.

The Golden Gate was built by Monarch Ranjit Malla. It is the entrance to the main courtyard of the palace of fifty-five windows, in Bhaktapur Durbar Square. Also recognised by many as Sun Dhoka, the Golden Gate is the pride of Nepal. A figure of the Goddess Kali and Garuda (mythical bird) is at the top of the door. It is also assisted by two heavenly nymphs.

Overview

Location	Bhaktapur Durbar Square
Significance	UNESCO World Heritage Site (Bhaktapur)
Built In	1753
Built By	King Ranjeet Malla

Quote-Unqoute
In the words of Percy Brown, an eminent English art critic and historian, "The Golden Gate is the most lovely piece of art in the whole Kingdom: it is placed like a jewel, flashing innumerable facets in the handsome setting of its surroundings."

Major Attractions

• The gate is praised for some of the most beautiful gilded copper-work in the Kathmandu Valley.
• On either side of the door frame a doorkeeper, a vase symbolising good fortune, and figures of deities like Bhagawati, Ganesh, Bhairava, Kumari and Kali.can be seen.
• Ten-armed Godesses Taleju attended by Shri and Lakshmi seated on a crocodile and a tortoise appear above the door.

Tit-Bits

• Sun Dhoka or the Golden Gate connects the two blocks of the palace of 55 windows.
• It is an entrance providing access to Kumari Chowk and the Taleju Mandir.
• Jaya Ranajit Malla erected the Golden Gate in 1753 after successful conquest campaign against Dudhkosi and Tolkha.

Buddhist/Hindu/Jain Site/ Architectural Site:

Bouddhanath Stupa:

Bouddhanath Stupa, the biggest stupa in Nepal, lies about 7 km east of the capital. The Bouddhanath stupa, also called by many as Khasti Chitya, is one of the oldest stupas in the country. After 1959, many Tibetans arrived and settled in Bouddhanath area. The stupa, a well-known Buddhist pilgrimage site, is included in World Heritage Cultural site list by UNESCO.


Fast Facts

Location	7 km east of Kathmandu
Importance	UNESCO world Heritage Site
UNESCO Category	Cultural
UNESCO Listed	1979

Structure
With diameter of about 100m and 40m height, Buddhanath holds its place among the largest stupas in the world. The Buddhanath stupa covers a vast area. It has a round path at the bottom while another path is made of three-tier plinth. The stupa resembles Swayambhunath stupa to some extent. The most impressive part of the stupa is the eyes of the Buddha which are painted with red, white and blue colors.

Festivals
Lhosar, the Tibetan new year festival, is the most popular festival celebrated at Bodhanath Stupa. Lhosar festival begins with prayers and worship. Thousands of Tibetans dress in traditional attire and dance after expressing reverence for Buddha. Number of Tibetans come from Laddakh, Sikkim, Bhutan to take part in this festival.

Attractions
In Buddhanath Stupa, there are many monasteries or Gompa attractions. They are all impressively adorned and colorfully painted. Anyone can visit the monasteries and take visuals. It is advisable to give small donation if you take photographs.

Tit-Bits

• The whole structure has a diameter of about 100 meters and a height of approximate 40 meters.
• Legend holds that King Manadeva erected the Bouddhanath stupa during the Lichavi period. It has been refurbished many times. The present stupa was renovated in the seventeenth century.

Swayambhunath:

The Most Enigmatic Holy Shrine

The Buddhist temple of Swayambhunath, situated on the top of a hill, west of Kathmandu, is one of the most popular, holy and instantly recognizable symbols of Nepal. The temple is colloquially known as the 'monkey temple' because of the large tribe of roving monkeys who guard the temple.

Fast Facts

Location	Kathmandu Valley
Era	Before 5th century
Unique Feature	365 steps lead to the Temple that is believed to be 'Self-Created' or 'Self-Existence'
Category	Wold Heritage Site

Major Attractions
The Stupa
Swayambhunath Stupa is a golden spire crowning a conical wooded hill. It is the most ancient and enigmatic of all the holy shrines in Kathmandu Valley. It has a lofty white dome and a glittering golden spire that are visible from all sides of the valley. Historical records found on a stone inscription give evidence that the stupa was already an important Buddhist pilgrimage destination by the 5th century A.D. i.e. before the coming of Buddhism in the valley.

Area Surrounding The Stupa
The surroundings of Swyambhunarayan Stupa consists of chaityas, temples, painted images of deities and numerous other religious objects.

Harati Temple
The temple is dedicated to the goddess of smallpox and other epidemics. The presence of the Harati Devi temple signifies the intermingling of the pantheons of Hinduism and Buddhism in Nepal.

Palace Of Peace
Atop Syambunath hill is another fascinating, though less visited temple, Shantipur, popularly known as the 'Palace of Peace'. It is said that inside the secret underground chamber of the temple lives the 8th century Tantric master, Shantikar Acharya. The master, it is believed, has lived through centuries and has full control on the weather and the King of Kathmandu must go to him in times of drought.

Architecture
Amazing to look at, the architectural beauty of Swayambunath Temple gives way to the feelings of reverence and adoration. The stupa consists of a dome at the base and a cubical structure with eyes of Buddha looking in all the four directions. There are pentagonal Toran present above each of the four sides with statues engraved in them. Behind and above the torana there are thirteen tiers. Above all the tiers, there is a small space above which the Gajur is present.

Mythology
According to Swayambhu Puran, the entire Kathmandu valley was once filled with an enormous lake, out of which grew a mystical Lotus. The valley came to be known as Swayambhu, meaning 'Self-Created' or 'Self-Existent'. The Bodhistava Manjushri had a vision of the lotus at Swayambhu and traveled there to worship it.

In order to make the site more accessible to human pilgrims, Manjushri cut a gorge through the mountains surrounding the valley. The water drained out of the lake, leaving the valley in which Kathmandu now lies. The lotus was transformed into a hill and the flower become the Swayambhunath stupa.

Symbology
The dome at the base represents the entire world. When a person gets free (represented by eyes of mercy and self knowledge) from the bonds of the world, the person reaches the state a bit higher. After that, the person has to cross thirteen stages represented by the tiers before attaining Nirvana (salvation).

How To Reach
There are two ways to reach the top of the monkey temple: the first and the most common is to get there with a car but the most beautiful way to reach the top of this amazing temple is to climb the 365 stairs of the temple.

Hanuman Dhoka:

 

The Delineative of Nepalese Culture

Hanuman Dhoka (Hanuman Gate), with several complexes spread over an area of about five acres, is the social, religious and urban focal point of Kathmandu. The square is the complex of palaces, courtyards and temples that were built between the 12th and the 18th centuries by the ancient Malla Kings of Nepal.

Overview

Location	Durbar Square, Kathmandu
Significance	Former Royal Palace of the Malla Kings
Major Attractions	Nasal Chowk and Basantpur Temple
Distinctive Feature	The place is home to dozens of monkeys
Famous For	Coronation of Nepalese Kings

Sites to See
The following sites offer a glimpse of the culture, religion and history of the Nepal Kingdom.

• Taleju Temple
• Kal Bhairab (God of Destruction) Statue
• Nautalle Durbar
• Nasal Chowk
• The Gaddi Baithak
• The Statue of King Pratap Malla
• The Big Bell
• Big Drum
• The Jagnnath Temple

Major Tourist Attractions
Let us visit Hanuman Dhoka to find out what lies in store for us.

The Palace Entrance
We start from the entrance of the square. On entering the palace or Durbar square, there lies 17th century statue of Hanuman, covered in red clothes and holding an umbrella. This is a highly revered statue by the believers of Hinduism. On the left is an interesting sculpture of Lord Narasimha, the half-lion incarnation of Lord Vishnu, tearing apart the demon Hiranyakasipu. The statues and sculptures are indeed overwhelming.

Nasal Chowk
Next to the Hanuman Temple near the entrance lies the Nasal Chowk. The Nasal Chowk courtyard got its name from the beautiful image of Dancing Shiva, on east side of the Chowk. The Chowk has historical importance considering it was the place where King Birendra was crowned in 1975.

The Chowk also has the magnificent nine storey Basantpur Tower, with intricately carved doorways, windows and struts. The golden image of Maha- Vishnu in the open veranda on the eastern wall of the Nasal Chowk will leave you spell boumd.

Panch Mukhi Hanuman Temple
Next we reach the Panch Mukhi Hanuman temple. This venerable temple dedicated to Hanuman is in the northeast corner of the Nasal Chowk courtyard. It has five circular roofs.

Basantpur Temple
This nine storey tower offers a great view of the palace and the city. On a clear day, the awe inspiring Himalayas can also be glanced at from the top of this tower. The struts on the facade of the tower have erotic carvings on them. Apart from the Basantpur tower, there are three other towers constructed by King Prithivi Narayan. The names being Kirtipur tower, the Bhaktpur tower or Lakshmi Bilas and the Patan or Laitpur tower.

Mul Chowk
Dedicated to Taleju Bhawani, the goddess of the royal Malla family, Mul Chowk courtyard was dedicated to religious activities. There is a small Taleju Temple with a golden torana in the south side of the courtyard. The deity of Taleju is moved to this temple during the Dasain festival. There are images of the river goddesses Ganga and Yamanu on either side of the entrance.

Mohan Chowk
Next we reach the Mohan Chowk . This site is only for seeing from a distance. The residential courtyard of the Malla Kings was built in 1649. It is a protected site and cannot be therefore entered.

The golden waterspout called Sun Dhara is in the center of the courtyard. It is the place where the Malla Kings would bathe each morning.

Tribhuvan Museum
This museum is a must visit for lovers of history. Tribhuvan Museum lies on the west side of Nassal Chowk. It contains an exhibit of items of the past Kings of Nepal. It has excellent stone carvings, several spectacular thrones, jewel-studded ornaments used for coronations, weapons, furniture, wooden temple carvings, and a coin collection.

There is a recreation of the king's bedroom and study, which contains the king's personal belongings. This part of the palace, next to Durbar Square, was built by the Ranas in the mid to late 19th century. This site is only for seeing from a distance. It exhibits the thrones and other valuables of King Mahendra.

We have finally completed our shot and sweet visit to Hanuman Dhoka.

Good to know
There is a 17th century stone inscription in the Hanuman Dhoka that is set on the wall of the palace with writings in 15 languages. It is believed that if anybody deciphers this entire inscription, the milk would flow from the spout, which lies just below the inscripted stone wall. Some people say that the inscription contains coded directions to a treasure King Pratap Malla has buried beneath Mohan Chowk of Durbar Square.

Outlook
Hanuman Dhoka means 'Gate of Hanuman', the monkey god of Ramayana fame. Today, dozens of monkeys call this square their home. Hanuman performed herculean tasks on behalf of the other gods. The Malla dynasty's kings used Hanuman's image on their battle flags, and in 1672 placed his statue outside the Royal Palace to ward off evil spirits and diseases. The Hanuman Dhoka, therefore, has great historical and religious importance.